Ua ipotsa hore na u ka khetha lithupa tse nepahetseng joang bakeng sa ts'ebeliso?
Fumana likarabo tsa lipotso tse atisang ho botsoa mabapi le electrode ea lithupa.
Ho sa tsotellehe hore na u DIYer ea khomarelang litšepe ka makhetlo a 'maloa ka selemo kapa setsebi sa ho chesella se cheseletsang letsatsi le leng le le leng, ho na le ntho e le 'ngoe e tiileng: Ho cheselletsa lithupa ho hloka tsebo e ngata.E boetse e hloka tsebo e itseng mabapi le li-electrode tsa lithupa (tseo hape li bitsoang li-welding rods).
Hobane mefuta e fapaneng joalo ka mekhoa ea ho boloka, bophara ba elektrode le sebopeho sa flux kaofela li kenya letsoho khethong ea lithupa le ts'ebetso, ho itlhomella ka tsebo e itseng ea mantlha ho ka u thusa ho fokotsa pherekano le ho netefatsa katleho ea lithupa.
1. Li-electrode tsa lithupa tse atileng haholo ke life?
Ho na le li-electrode tse makholo, haeba e se likete, empa tse tsebahalang haholo li oela ho American Welding Society (AWS) A5.1 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding.Tsena li kenyelletsa li-electrode tsa E6010, E6011, E6012, E6013, E7014, E7024 le E7018.
2. Li-electrode tsa li-electrode tsa AWS li bolela eng?
Ho thusa ho tseba li-electrode tsa lithupa, AWS e sebelisa mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho khetholla.Lihlopha li nka sebōpeho sa linomoro le litlhaku tse hatisitsoeng ka mahlakoreng a li-electrode tsa lithupa, 'me e' ngoe le e 'ngoe e emela thepa e khethehileng ea li-electrode.
Bakeng sa li-electrode tsa tšepe tse bonolo tse boletsoeng ka holimo, mona ke kamoo sistimi ea AWS e sebetsang kateng:
● Tlhaku “E” e bontša electrode.
● Linomoro tse peli tsa pele li emela matla a fokolang a tjheseletsa a hlahang, a lekanngwang ka diponto ka sekwere-inch (psi).Ka mohlala, palo ea 70 ka electrode ea E7018 e bontša hore electrode e tla hlahisa sefaha sa weld se nang le matla a fokolang a 70,000 psi.
● Nomoro ea boraro e emela boemo (s) ba ho tjheseletsa boo electrode e ka sebelisoang ho eona.Mohlala, 1 e bolela hore eleketrode e ka sebelisoa maemong ohle mme 2 e bolela hore e ka sebelisoa ho li-welds tse bataletseng le tse otlolohileng feela.
● Nomoro ea bone e emela mofuta oa ho roala le mofuta oa hona joale oa welding (AC, DC kapa bobeli) o ka sebelisoang ka electrode.
3. Ke phapang efe pakeng tsa li-electrode tsa E6010, E6011, E6012 le E6013 'me li lokela ho sebelisoa neng?
● Li-electrode tsa E6010 li ka sebelisoa feela ka mehloli ea matla e tobileng (DC).Li fana ka ho kenella ka botebo le bokhoni ba ho cheka mafome, oli, pente le litšila.Basebelisi ba bangata ba nang le boiphihlelo ba lipeipi ba sebelisa li-electrode tsena tsa maemo ohle bakeng sa li-welding tsa metso holim'a phala.Leha ho le joalo, li-electrode tsa E6010 li na le arc e thata haholo, e ka etsang hore ho be thata ho li-welders tse qalang ho li sebelisa.
● Li-electrode tsa E6011 li ka boela tsa sebelisoa bakeng sa ho tjheseletsa maemo ohle ho sebelisa mohloli oa matla oa ho tjheseletsa hona joale (AC).Joaloka li-electrode tsa E6010, li-electrode tsa E6011 li hlahisa arc e tebileng, e phunyeletsang e phunyeletsang litšepe tse senyehileng kapa tse sa hloekang.Li-welders tse ngata li khetha li-electrode tsa E6011 bakeng sa mosebetsi oa ho lokisa le ho lokisa ha mohloli oa motlakase oa DC o sa fumanehe.
● Li-electrode tsa E6012 li sebetsa hantle lits'ebetsong tse hlokang ho koala lekhalo pakeng tsa manonyeletso a mabeli.Li-welders tse ngata tsa litsebi li boetse li khetha li-electrode tsa E6012 bakeng sa li-welds tsa fillet tse lebelo le holimo, tse holimo hona joale sebakeng se otlolohileng, empa li-electrode tsena li na le ho hlahisa profil e sa tebang ea ho kenella le slag e teteaneng e tla hloka ho hloekisoa ka mor'a tjheseletsa.
● Li-electrode tsa E6013 li hlahisa arc e bonolo e nang le spatter e fokolang, e fana ka ho kenella ka mokhoa o itekanetseng 'me e na le slag e khonang ho tlosoa habonolo.Li-electrode tsena li lokela ho sebelisoa feela ho cheseletsa tšepe e hloekileng, e ncha.
4. Ke phapang efe pakeng tsa li-electrode tsa E7014, E7018 le E7024 'me li lokela ho sebelisoa neng?
● Li-electrode tsa E7014 li hlahisa hoo e ka bang ho kenella ka kopanelo ho tšoana le li-electrode tsa E6012 'me li etselitsoe ho sebelisoa ka carbon le low-alloy steels.Li-electrode tsa E7014 li na le palo e phahameng ea phofo ea tšepe, e eketsang sekhahla sa deposition.Li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ka li-amperage tse phahameng ho feta li-electrode tsa E6012.
● Li-electrode tsa E7018 li na le phallo e teteaneng e nang le phofo e ngata 'me ke e' ngoe ea li-electrode tse bonolo ho li sebelisa.Li-electrode tsena li hlahisa arc e boreleli, e khutsitseng e nang le spatter e fokolang le ho kenella ka hare ho arc.Li-welders tse ngata li sebelisa li-electrode tsa E7018 ho cheselletsa litšepe tse teteaneng joalo ka tšepe ea sebopeho.Li-electrode tsa E7018 li boetse li hlahisa li-welds tse matla tse nang le tšusumetso e matla (esita le ha ho bata) 'me li ka sebelisoa ka tšepe ea carbon, high-carbon, low-alloy kapa litšepe tsa tšepe tse matla haholo.
● Li-electrode tsa E7024 li na le palo e phahameng ea phofo ea tšepe e thusang ho eketsa litekanyetso tsa deposition.Li-welders tse ngata li sebelisa li-electrode tsa E7024 bakeng sa li-welds tsa fillet tse lebelo le holimo kapa tse bataletseng.Li-electrode tsena li sebetsa hantle holim'a poleiti ea tšepe e ka bang 1/4-inch e teteaneng.Li ka boela tsa sebelisoa holim'a litšepe tse lekanyang ho feta 1/2-inch thick.
5. Nka khetha electrode ea thupa joang?
Ntlha ea pele, khetha electrode ea thupa e lumellanang le thepa ea matla le sebopeho sa tšepe ea motheo.Ka mohlala, ha u sebetsa ka tšepe e bonolo, hangata motlakase leha e le ofe oa E60 kapa E70 o tla sebetsa.
Ka mor'a moo, bapisa mofuta oa li-electrode sebakeng sa welding 'me u nahane ka mohloli o teng oa matla.Hopola, li-electrode tse ling li ka sebelisoa feela ka DC kapa AC, ha li-electrode tse ling li ka sebelisoa ka bobeli ba DC le AC.
Hlahloba moralo o kopanetsoeng le ho lumellana 'me u khethe electrode e tla fana ka litšobotsi tse ntle ka ho fetisisa tsa ho kenella (ho cheka, bohareng kapa leseli).Ha u sebetsa ka lenonyeletso le nang le li-fit-up tse thata kapa tse sa koalehang, li-electrode tse kang E6010 kapa E6011 li tla fana ka li-arcs tsa ho cheka ho netefatsa ho kenella ka ho lekaneng.Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse tšesaane kapa manonyeletso a nang le metso e meholo e bulehileng, khetha electrode e nang le leseli kapa arc e bonolo joalo ka E6013.
Ho qoba ho phatloha ha weld holim'a thepa e teteaneng, e boima le / kapa meralo e rarahaneng ea manonyeletso, khetha electrode e nang le ductility e ngata.Hape nahana ka boemo ba ts'ebeletso eo karolo e tla kopana le eona le lintlha tseo e tlamehang ho li fihlela.Na e tla sebelisoa sebakeng sa mocheso o tlase, mocheso o phahameng kapa tikolohong e nang le ts'oaetso?Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsena, electrode e tlase ea hydrogen E7018 e sebetsa hantle.
Hape nahana ka katleho ea tlhahiso.Ha o sebetsa sebakeng se bataletseng, li-electrode tse nang le phofo e ngata ea tšepe, joalo ka E7014 kapa E7024, li fana ka litefiso tse phahameng tsa deposition.
Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse mahlonoko, kamehla hlahloba lintlha tsa welding le mekhoa ea mofuta oa electrode.
6. Phallo e potolohileng electrode ea thupa e etsa mosebetsi ofe?
Li-electrode tsohle tsa lithupa li na le molamu o pota-potiloeng ke seaparo se bitsoang flux, se sebeletsang merero e mengata ea bohlokoa.Ha e le hantle ke ho phalla, kapa sekoahelo, holim'a electrode e laelang hore na electrode e ka sebelisoa hokae le joang.
Ha arc e otloa, flux e chesa 'me e hlahisa letoto la liphetoho tse rarahaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale.Ha metsoako ea flux e chesa ka har'a arc ea ho cheselletsa, e ntša khase e sireletsang ho sireletsa letamo la weld ho tsoa litšila tsa sepakapaka.Ha letamo la weld le pholile, flux e etsa slag ho sireletsa tšepe ea weld ho tsoa ho oxidation le ho thibela porosity ka sefaha sa weld.
Flux e boetse e na le likarolo tsa ionizing tse etsang hore arc e be e tsitsitseng haholoanyane (haholo-holo ha ho cheselletsa ka mohloli oa matla a AC), hammoho le li-alloys tse fanang ka weld ductility ea eona le matla a thata.
Li-electrode tse ling li sebelisa phallo e nang le phofshoana e phahameng ea tšepe ho thusa ho eketsa litekanyetso tsa deposition, ha tse ling li na le li-deoxidizer tse kenyellelitsoeng tse sebetsang e le lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa 'me li ka phunyeletsa lisebelisoa tse chesitsoeng kapa tse litšila kapa sekala sa leloala.
7. Electrode e phahameng ea lithupa e lokela ho sebelisoa neng?
Li-electrode tse phahameng tsa deposition rate li ka thusa ho phethela mosebetsi kapele, empa li-electrode tsena li na le mefokolo.The e eketsehileng tšepe phofo ka li-electrode tsena etsa hore weld letamo mokelikeli ho feta, ho bolelang hore e phahameng deposition li-electrode a ke ke a sebelisoa ka ntle ho boemo dikopo.
Hape li ke ke tsa sebelisoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa kapa tse hlokoang ke khoutu, joalo ka sekepe sa khatello kapa mochini oa boiler, moo lifaha tsa weld li tlas'a khatello e matla.
Li-electrode tse phahameng tsa deposition ke khetho e ntle bakeng sa lits'ebetso tseo e seng tsa bohlokoa, joalo ka ho tjheseletsa tanka e bonolo ea polokelo ea mokelikeli kapa likotoana tse peli tsa tšepe tse se nang sebopeho hammoho.
8. Mokhoa o nepahetseng oa ho boloka le ho omisa li-electrode tsa thupa ke life?
Tikoloho e futhumetseng, e mongobo o tlase ke sebaka se setle sa polokelo bakeng sa li-electrode tsa lithupa.Ka mohlala, li-electrode tse ngata tse bonolo, tse tlaase tsa hydrogen E7018 li hloka ho bolokoa mocheso o pakeng tsa 250- le 300-degrees Fahrenheit.
Ka kakaretso, mocheso oa ho lokisa li-electrode o phahame ho feta mocheso oa polokelo, o thusang ho felisa mongobo o feteletseng.Ho lokisa li-electrode tse tlase tsa haedrojene E7018 tse boletsoeng ka holimo, tikoloho e nchafatsang e tloha ho likhato tse 500 ho isa ho tse 800 bakeng sa hora e le 'ngoe ho isa ho tse peli.
Li-electrode tse ling, joalo ka E6011, li hloka feela ho bolokoa li omme mocheso oa kamore, o hlalosoang e le maemo a mongobo a sa feteng liperesente tse 70 mocheso o pakeng tsa 40 le 120 degrees F.
Bakeng sa linako tse khethehileng tsa ho boloka le ho lokisa le mocheso, kamehla bua ka litlhahiso tsa moetsi.
Nako ea poso: Dec-23-2022